An interesting map of Paris🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页 Métro and RER network found in a restaurant in Montreal. The map🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页s designers seem to have made the most of a limited color palette by assigning the same color to groups of lines that do not intersect–lavender for 2, 8, and 3b, brown for 11 and 6, magenta for 12 and 7, etc. Unfortunately it seems they could not avoid breaking this rule at Strasbourg-St. Denis.

The best I can date this map is to between Dec. 1982 (Line 7 opens a new branch to Le Kremlin – Bicetre) and Feb. 1985 (this branch is extended).

澳洲10开官网开奖🔸澳洲幸运10预测 says:

The 🔸澳洲10定位胆全天计划thing to note that this diagram – which I believe was designed as a postcard by C. Spandonide (see name at bottom left) – is very old and faded from being on this restaurant🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页s walls for goodness knows how long. Here🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页s another copy of it on Flickr that shows what it originally looked like. Note that it🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页s dated to 1984, which seems about right.

That said, Hayden🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页s comment about the limited col🔸澳洲幸运10冠军定位计划palette still holds true. Despite being printed as four-col🔸澳洲幸运10冠军定位计划process (which allows for almost any tint or shade desired), the Métro routes are shown in only six hues – yellow, red, green, blue, brown and purple. The yellow and blue used for the RER lines are ever-so-slightly different to those used for the Metro lines, but it🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页s still an interesting design decision. It🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页s even🔸澳洲幸运10预测 more interesting 🔸澳洲开奖 this diagram is compared to a contemporaneous official RATP “Micro” diagram designed by Fabrice Rouxel.

Look closely – you can see that there is the exact same🔸澳洲幸运10预测 breakdown of six colours assigned to the Metro lines on both maps, though some of the colours used are slightly different. So, red on the Spandonide diagram relates to pink on the Rouxel diagram and these colours are both assigned to lines 7 and 12. And so on: green is to light green for lines 4, 7b and 9; blue is to aqua for lines 5 and 13, etc. What we can infer from this is that this is simply how the lines were officially designated at this point in time. The Spandonide map has simply tweaked the hues slightly, perhaps to avoid copyright or licensing issues? The modern pastel route colours that we now know so well simply weren🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页t in use in 1984.

The unavoidable double-up of green at Strasbourg–St. Denis isn🔸AB开奖网澳洲幸运10官网网页t too bad as the lines cross at right angles, neatly avoiding any potential confusion. The diagram itself is a valiant effort to fit a complex network into a very small space, even using the black border to contain information about destinations off the edge of the diagram! All things considered, the labels are quite legible – and for once, all-caps is probably a good idea, as lower-case characters could perhaps be too hard to read at such a small point size.

Here’s a fantastic (if slightly idealised) view of the then still-under-construction State Street Subway from a c.1940 postcard. This view looks northward along State Street from Adams, and shows the Monroe-Adams mezzanine. Note the direct access from the mezzanine level to the basement level of businesses on either side of State Street – now long since closed.

Text on the reverse side of the postcard reads:

Cut-away view of Chicago’s subway in the Central Business District. Shown are the main tubes; the downtown center platform, which is 3500 feet long; the two-way escalators to the mezzanines with store connections; and the State St. surface level. Features of the subway are ventilation, illumination, escalators, safety, comfort.

🔸澳洲幸运10开奖官网开奖结果走势图🔸Source: CERA Chicago website – link no longer active

I thought you might enjoy this recent artifact of one of the weirdest transit systems in the US: the four-station, two line people mover that serves the Las Colinas suburban development near Dallas. (For me, the most eccentric thing about the system is that despite what one might expect, the cars are manned by human drivers who come to pick you up on request.) The map is such a festival of poor design decisions that it’s almost beside the point to offer a critique, but I appreciate the fact that the management felt it would be worthwhile to print these up on glossy stock for potential visitors.

澳洲10开官网开奖 says:

I think you’re being a little hard on the cartography here, Louis: the map itself isn’t that bad, although the “aged paper” effect is somewhat heavy-handed and the use of drop shadows/glow effects is a little… enthusiastic. The APT routes themselves are clearly shown and labelled, as is the new-ish connection to the DART Orange Line, so the map is doing everything it needs to, really. 

The huge type obscuring the top part of the map and the odd cartouche enclosing the service information to the left are pretty awful, however. Also, those are the three best photos that could be found to depict the system? The bottom one looks like it dates from the 1980s and could have definitely benefitted from some col🔸澳洲幸运10冠军定位计划correction work.

As Louis mentions, the system certainly is eccentric. Construction began in 1979, but the system – already seen by some as a white elephant – didn’t begin passenger service until 1989: a full decade later. Rising costs and lack of ridership closed the system completely in 1993. 🔸澳洲开奖 it reopened in 1996, the service only served the local office building tenants and operated exclusively at lunch-time on weekdays: basically ferrying office workers to and from the restaurants near the Bell Tower station. As Louis says, a fault in the automatic driving system means that the cars are operated on-demand by human pilots, using what are meant to be backup manual controls on a permanent basis.

The opening of the connection to the DART Orange Line has seen a surge in ridership and a revival of the system’s fortunes – there’s even talk of expanding the APT by completing half-built guideways and adding fill-in stations. However, it’s still somewhat of an oddity: a small, over-engineered, half-completed relic of the late 1970s. Read more about the system here.

🔸澳洲幸运10冠军定位计划rating: The map itself does the job, although it’s overlaid with some pretty average graphic design work. Two stars. 

It’s these ferry routes which allow us to date this charming postcard to somewhere between 1935 and 1942. The little Fletcher Bay to Brownsville ferry route (centre left on the photo) only operated between 1924 and 1942, while the Colman Dock (Seattle) to Manchester route only ran after 1935, 🔸澳洲开奖 the old eastern terminus dock at Alki Point washed out.

🔸澳洲幸运10开奖官网开奖结果走势图🔸Source: alanp_photo/Flickr (link no longer active)

Here’s an interesting comparison of three different postcards of the Paris Métro system – one of which uses the official RATP artwork, and two more which definitely don’t. All three are of similar vintage (from at least 2007, as they all show the southern end of Line 14 at Olympiades station, which opened in that year). So they’re all basically showing the same thing, but take different approaches towards it.

The 🔸澳洲10定位胆全天计划postcard uses the official RATP map, modified slightly to fit the awkward dimensions of the postcard. The 45-degree angles of the real map are now more like 30, but the diagram still holds together remarkably well. The clarity of design also allows this card to show the RER commuter rail lines, something the other two postcards don’t even contemplate.

The other two cards seem to use a more geographical approach to the system layout, the white card even going so far as to place the route lines over a street grid that is more decorative than informative. However, there’s still some serious distortion of routes, especially towards the edges of the card. The white map gives up on accuracy altogether with the ends of Line 7, just drawing dead straight lines along the border of the card to fit things in.

The black card looks dramatic, but there somehow seem to be more🔸澳洲幸运10预测 station labels on this version than the other two, resulting in what looks like a white cloud of station names covering the entire card.

You’ll also notice that the two un168澳洲十开奖网s don’t use the official colours for any of the lines – probably to steer clear of any legal issues. However, this isn’t really a problem in Paris as lines are referred to by number and terminus station in the direction of travel, not by route colour. It would get confusing really fast, anyway: “Take the Light Green Line… no, not that🔸澳洲幸运10预测 Light Green, this🔸澳洲幸运10预测 Light Green…”

For me, the 168澳洲十开奖网 is clearly the best of the three, bringing clarity to the system even in a small, condensed space. The others would make fun souvenirs, but are not top quality cartography by any stretch of the imagination.